Vitamin D deficiency in chronic renal failure patients; current knowledge and new trends

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), or chronic renal failure at final stages requires hemodialysis treatment. One of complication of these patients on hemodialysis and even CKD is the deficiency of vitamin D. Inadequate exposure to sun rays and poor dietary containing vitamin D can lead to its deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency in these patients may lead to osteomalacia in adult and rickets in children. Appropriate levels of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone, can decrease complication of extra-renal disease and mortality in both hemodialysis and chronic kidney disease patients.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Chronic kidney disease, Hemodialysis, Osteomalacia, Vitamin D deficiency