Saikrishna Lakkakula
1, Punit Gupta
2, Henu Kumar Verma
1, Bhaskar V.K.S. Lakkakula
3*1 Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.
2 Regional Institute of Kidney diseases and Organ transplantation, DKS Post Graduate Institute and Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, India.
3 Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India.
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one major complication of hyperglycemia in diabetes patients. The relationship between
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARG) gene rs1801282 (Pro12Ala) polymorphism and the risk of DN has
been investigated previously. However, the results were conflicting. In this study, we assessed whether PPARG gene rs1801282
polymorphism is associated with the risk of DN by meta-analysis. We searched in PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar
databases using a combination of terms of ‘Diabetic nephropathy’, ‘peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma’, ‘PPARG’,
‘Pro12Ala polymorphism’ and rs1801282” between January 2001 and July 2017. Twenty-seven original studies involving 5443
cases and 7262 controls were analysed. Studies conducted in several countries in Europe and North America were assigned to
the Caucasian ethnic group and countries in South, East and South East Asia were assigned to an Asian ethnic group. Pooled odds
ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The heterogeneity of the included studies was examined with
Cochran Q and I² statistics. Begg’s rank correlation test and Egger’s linear regression test were used to assess the publication bias.
Our meta-analysis indicated that the PPARG Ala12 allele carriers reduced the DN risk in study populations (P < 0.001, OR =
0.760, 95% CI = 0.677-0.853). Although there is moderate heterogeneity between studies (Pheterogeneity < 0.007, Q= 47.0, df = 26,
I-squared = 44.7%), publication bias was not seen. However, subgroup analyses showed that in Asian populations, a significant
association was not found between the PPARG Pro12Ala and DN risk (P = 0.133, OR = 0.796, 95% CI = 0.591-1.072). The PPARG
Pro12Ala polymorphism is a genetic risk factor for DN in Caucasian populations and no conclusion of a causal relationship can
be drawn from the available data
Implication for health policy/practice/research/
medical education
This study helps in identifying the exact role of PPARG
Pro12Ala polymorphism to predict susceptibility of diabetic
nephropathy in different ethnicities.
Citation: Lakkakula S, Kumar Verma H, Gupta P, Lakkakula BVKS. Association between PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism and diabetic
nephropathy risk; an updated meta-analysis of 27 studies. J Renal Endocrinol. 2018;4:e11. DOI:10.15171/jre.2018.11.