Sadaf Farnam Nia
1 
, Hamid Nasri
1 , Simin Mazaheri Tehrani
2 , Shiva Rouzbahani
3* 1 Nickan Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
3 Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a global health concern, with a growing frequency, significant economic burden, and raised morbidity and mortality. In this disease, alterations in the gut microbiome’s integrity led to renal failure’s progression. Berberine is a natural substance that balances the efficacy of gut microbiota, which could be beneficial in chronic kidney disease.