Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; revolutionizing diabetic kidney disease management

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a leading cause of kidney failure, is driven by hyperglycemia and inflammation. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, initially for type 2 diabetes, transform DKD treatment by reducing glucose reabsorption, easing glomerular pressure, and shortening inflammation. These drugs are safe, with minor risks. Combining with GLP-1 agonists or mineralocorticoid antagonists may boost benefits. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors slow DKD progression, enhancing patient outcomes. Future studies should refine combination therapies and personalized care.

Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathies, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Renal Insufficiency