Nickan Research Institute Journal of Renal Endocrinology 2423-6438 6 1 2020 01 01 Contrast nephropathy; a new look to an old problem e14 e14 EN Alireza Pouramini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0245-8552 Fatemeh Kafi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5993-7736 Shakiba Hassanzadeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-5191 Journal Article 2020 08 28 2020 10 04 Iodinated contrast media are administered in imaging procedures and may cause acute kidney injury (AKI) which is called contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) or contrast-associated-AKI (CA-AKI). We searched for relevant articles in PubMed, EMBASE, and DOAJ databases. The most important risk factor for CA-AKI is preexisting renal insufficiency and these patients benefit from administration of low-osmolar contrast media. On the other hand, serum creatinine level is a late indicator of renal function; however, some other biomarkers have been suggested as early indicators of CA-AKI. Furthermore, hydration therapy is the most practical approach to prevent CIN. In this review, we discuss the changes in the contrast materials over the years. We also explore the predictive parameters of developing CIN and its preventive strategies. However, further studies are required to investigate the association between contrast materials and AKI and to find more effective predictive biomarkers and preventive strategies.